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This article is intended to help people who are interested in learning how to develop applications with the programming language Node.js. Node.js is a JavaScript runtime that enables you to write server-side or client-side web applications, which you can then run on your own website or device's browser window. It was created by Ryan Dahl in 2009, built upon Google's V8 engine and Google Chrome's Runtime Engine (CrE), and is often used for real-time web applications like chat apps like Discord or Skype, mobile apps like Pokemon Go, games like Civilization 6, and many other types of software products. This article will explain why Node. js was created, how it works, and how you can get started developing web applications or games with it. How does Node.js work? Node.js is built upon Google's V8 JavaScript engine which is also used in Chrome's runtime engine (CrE). These engines are actually based on the same source code, but because of the C++ architecture of the underlying architecture they are implemented in very different ways. V8 uses just-in-time (JIT) compilation while CrE uses Ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation. However, because JavaScript can be interpreted by both, Node. js is able to work in three different modes: Asynchronous event-driven non-blocking I/O model. This is the most used mode. Interactive mode for debugging and testing with readline support. A special mode designed for static file serving called singular static file serving (SPS). The current version of Node.js uses V8's TurboFan engine to optimize the JavaScript execution, which has been designed for low-latency performance from the ground up, making it an ideal candidate for real-time server-side web applications running on a low spec machine like a Raspberry Pi 3. Why was Node created? Node was created by Ryan Dahl in 2009 when he was working at Joyent. At that time, he was working on an experimental programming language called Go (not the same as the programming language of the same name), which he described as "C + JavaScript.". Being a huge fan of JavaScript, which already had a large community surrounding it, Dahl started to work on an implementation of Google's V8 engine in JavaScript. This first implementation was simply called node.js and had no specific goal except to run some small web applications he built using Go. At first, Dahl was just experimenting with ways to improve V8's performance by compiling it directly into native machine code. This would effectively eliminate the need for a Just-in-time (JIT) engine like V8's TurboFan, which eliminates run-time overhead. This new compilation process is called Ahead-of-time (AOT). Dahl was able to achieve quite remarkable results with his little pet project. Not only was the performance of his little server impressive, but he also managed to apply his AOT approach to other languages besides Go. That is when he realized that the technology he was working on could be used not only for Node, but for any other JavaScript interpreter out there. And Node already had a lot of potential as an easy to use server framework that allowed developers to build complex systems with just a few lines of code. eccc085e13
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